An incompressible fluid passes
through a pipe of cross-section area A₁
with a speed of v₁...
...the fluid then passes into a pipe
of a smaller cross-section area A₂.
Now the speed is v₂.
... and it's pressure is now reduced.
There is an equation that relates the pressures,
densities and velocities of the fluid in each pipe:
Assumption:
There is no friction or energy loss.
Notes:
The pressure at point 1 is kept constant as changes are made.
The pressures shown are guage pressures.
A₁v₁ = A₂v₂ Continuity equation
A₁ = cross-section area of fluid in pipe 1 (m²)
A₂ = cross-section area of fluid in pipe 2 (m²)
v₁ = speed of fluid in pipe 1 (m/s)
v₂ = speed of fluid in pipe 2 (m/s)
P₁ + ½ρv₁² = P₂ + ½ρv₂² Venturi's equation
P₁ = pressure of fluid at point 1 (N/m² or Pa)
P₂ = pressure of fluid at point 2 (N/m² or Pa)
ρ = density of the fluid (kg/m³)
v₁ = speed of fluid in pipe 1 (m/s)
v₂ = speed of fluid in pipe 2 (m/s)
P₁ = ρgh₁
g = acceleration due to gravity (m/s²)
h₁ = height of fluid supported by pressure at point 1 (m)
P₂ = ρgh₂
h₂ = height of fluid supported by pressure a2 (m)
"Flow rate" is the volume of fluid passing a point each second:
Flow rate = Av
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DuringUnderway replinishmentthe helmsman of each ship must constantly steer away from the other ship due to the Venturi effect, otherwise they will collide.
Inspiratorsmix air and flammable gas ingrills,gas stoves,Bunsen burnersandairbrushes
Water aspiratorsproduce a partial vacuum using the kinetic energy from the faucet water pressure
Steam siphonsuse the kinetic energy from the steam pressure to create a partial vacuum
Atomizersdisperse perfume or spray paint (i.e. from a spray gun)
Carburetorsuse the effect to suck gasoline into an engine's intake air stream
Cylinder headsin piston engines have multiple Venturi areas like the valve seat and the port entrance
Wine aeratorsinfuse air into wine as it is poured into a glass
Automated pool cleanersuse pressure-side water flow to collect sediment and debris
Clarinetsuse a reverse taper to speed the air down the tube, enabling better tone, response and intonation
Theleadpipeof a trombone, affecting the timbre
Bilgewater can be emptied from a moving boat through a small waste gate in the hull. The air pressure inside the moving boat is greater than the water sliding by beneath.
Ascuba diving regulatoruses the Venturi effect to assist maintaining the flow of gas once it starts flowing
Inrecoilless rifles to decrease the recoil of firing
Race cars utilisingground effectto increasedownforceand thus become capable of higher cornering speeds
Foam proportioners used to inductfire fighting foamconcentrate into fire protection systems
Hawa Mahalof Jaipur, also utilizes the Venturi effect, by allowing cool air to pass through, thus making the whole area more pleasant during the high temperatures in summer.
Large cities where wind is forced between buildings - the gap between the Twin Towers of the originalWorld Trade Centerwas an extreme example of the phenomenon, which made the ground level plaza notoriously windswept. In fact, some gusts were so high that pedestrian travel had to be aided by ropes.
In windy mountain passes, resulting in erroneouspressure altimeterreadings
Themistralwind in southern France increases in speed through the Rhone valley.
The above is taken from Wikipedia
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10.00 m³ = segment volume
6.000 m³/s = flow rate
1000 kg/m³ = ρ = density
10.0 m/s² = g = accn due to gravity
38000 N/m² = P₁ = pressure at 1
24042 N/m² = P₂ = pressure at 2