Mission F2D4 Static Equilibrium Analysis

A sign is hung symmetrically from two cables that make an angle with the horizontal (see diagram). The sign is in a state of static equilibrium. Which of the following statements are true? List all that apply ...

Equilibrium is the condition in which all the individual forces acting upon an object are balanced.

If an object is at equilibrium, then the individual forces acting upon the object are balanced. There is no unbalanced force - the net force is 0 Newton. All the vertical forces balance and all the horizontal forces balance. When added as vectors, they must add to 0 N. There are two cables directed at angles to the horizontal and vertical axes. These cables exert tension forces on the sign and have horizontal and vertical components. The only other force acting on the sign is the force of gravity. The two vertical components of tension must act together to balance the force of gravity. The horizontal components of the tension force are the only horizontal forces and must balance each other.

Some students have the improper habit of thinking that an object at equilibrium is an object upon which all forces are equal. After all, the word equilibrium sounds like the word equal. But don't be fooled! Equilibrium has to do with a balance of forces. While it is possible that all the forces might be equal, they don't have to be equal to be balanced. For instance, an object with an up force of 20 N and a down force of 20 N and a right force of 8 N and a left force of 8 N is at equilibrium. Are all the forces balanced? Yes! Are all the forces equal? No! The 20 N is not equal to the 8 N.

- What is meant by equilibrium?
- What is true about the forces if an object is at equilibrium?
- How can one apply equilibrium concepts to analyze a situation in which a sign is supported by cables?
- When a sign is supported by cables, what can be said about the vertical and the horizontal components of tension?