Reflection and Mirrors - Detailed Help

Assignment RM2: Plane Mirror Images and Their Characteristics

Objectives:
  • The student should be able to explain what an image is and describe how it is formed as a result of reflected light.
  • The student should be able to identify image characteristics such as location and orientation.

 

Reading:

The Physics Classroom, Reflection and Mirrors Unit, Lesson 2, Part a

The Physics Classroom, Reflection and Mirrors Unit, Lesson 2, Part b

 

 

An image can be defined as the location where ______.

Definition of Image:

An image is a likeness of an object which is at a location in space where it would seem to all observers as though the reflected light is coming from.


Suppose you place a small light bulb in front of a mirror. Light rays extend from the bulb in all directions, many of which will approach the mirror. We refer to these rays as incident rays. Each incident ray reflects off the mirror according to the law of reflection. The reflected rays emerge from the mirror at different locations. Any observer in the room can see the image of the light bulb as the reflected light travels to their eyes. If every reflected ray is extended backwards behind the mirror, they will all intersect at the image location. The image location is the location in space where it would seem to all observers as though the reflected light is coming from.


What is the definition of an image?

 

 

Which of the following statements are true of plane mirror images? List all that apply ... .


Definition of Image:

An image is a likeness of an object which is at a location in space where it would seem to all observers as though the reflected light is coming from.


Suppose you place a small light bulb in front of a mirror. Light rays extend from the bulb in all directions, many of which will approach the mirror. We refer to these rays as incident rays. Each incident ray reflects off the mirror according to the law of reflection. The reflected rays emerge from the mirror at different locations. Any observer in the room can see the image of the light bulb as the reflected light travels to their eyes. If every reflected ray is extended backwards behind the mirror, they will all intersect at the image location. The image location is the location in space where it would seem to all observers as though the reflected light is coming from.


It is a common misconception among physics students that a plane mirror image is located on the mirror surface. After all, an observer looks at the mirror surface to see it. But don't be fooled! The image is not located on the surface. In fact, it is located behind the surface of the mirror - and as far behind it as the object is in front of it. Each observer looks at the mirror image along a different line of sight. If each line of sight is extended backwards behind the mirror, they would all intersect at the image location. See Define Help section above.


What is the definition of an image?

Why or how does an image form?

Where is a plane mirror image located? Is it on the surface of the mirror? Is it a different location for different observer positions?

 

 

The diagram below depicts the path of four incident rays emerging from an object and approaching a mirror. Five lettered locations are shown on the opposite side of the mirror. Which location is representative of the image location?


Definition of Image:

An image location of an object is the location in space where it would seem to all observers as though the reflected light is coming from.


There are two different methods for determining the image location. The first method involves reflecting two or more of these incident rays and extending the reflected rays behind the mirror until they intersect. The intersection location of reflected rays occurs at the image location. See Define Help section above.

The second method (a far easier method) focuses upon the incident rays. Each ray of light shown on the diagram originates at the object location. The object location can be quickly determined by finding the intersection of any two incident rays. The image location is as far behind the mirror surface as the object location is in front of it. See Physics Rules section below.


Object Distance and Image Distance:

If an imaginary line is drawn connecting the object location and the image location, it will intersect the mirror at right angles. The distance measured along the line from the object to the mirror is referred to as the object distance. The distance measured along the line from the image to the mirror is referred to as the image distance. The object distance is always equal to the image distance.

Why or how does an image form?

Where is a plane mirror image located? Is it on the surface of the mirror? Is it a different location for different observer positions?

 

 

The diagram below depicts the path of four reflected rays which originated at the object on the left side of the mirror and have subsequently reflected from the mirror. Five lettered locations are shown on the right side of the mirror. Which location is representative of the image location?


The diagram shows a mirror (the vertical line with the yellow backing), four reflected rays, and five possible image locations (labeled with a letter). The object is not shown, it is somewhere on the left side of the mirror. The reflected rays and the definition of an image (see Define Help section below) must be used to determine the exact image location.


Definition of Image:

An image is a likeness of an object which is at a location in space where it would seem to all observers as though the reflected light is coming from.


Light reflects off a plane mirror in such a manner that all the reflected rays when extended backwards behind the mirror would intersect at the same location. This intersection location is the image location (see Define Help section above). Two straightedges laid over the screen and aligned with two different reflected rays would allow you to determine this intersection location.


What is the definition of an image?

Why or how does an image form?

 

 

Which one of the following accurately depicts the path of light from object to eye?


Line of Sight

Line of sight - it is a simple idea, but a very powerful idea once you get a grasp of it. To see anything, you must sight at the thing. To see an image, you must sight at the image. When you sight at the thing - whether the image or some other object - light from the thing travels along a line to your eye. Your eye and the thing you are looking at are two points on the line of sight along which you are looking.


Light travels in a straight line - that is the underlying principle of the line of sight idea (see Physics Rules section above). One of the four diagrams can obviously be ruled out because of the curved path. Light reflects off a mirror; it doesn't pass through it. This allows you to rule out a second diagram. Finally, light follows the law of reflection (see Physics Rules section below). This allows you to rule out a third diagram. There's one diagram left.

The final diagram (the right answer) should depict a person looking along a line at an image and light reflecting off the mirror along the line of sight. The light should be reflecting according to the law of reflection.


The Law of Reflection:

When a ray of light reflects off a surface, the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection. The incident ray and reflected ray are always located within the same plane.

Why or how does an image form?

What is the relationship between the angle measurements for an incoming light ray and an outgoing light ray?

 

 

If an object is located 4 meters in front of a plane mirror, then the image is located ____.


Object Distance and Image Distance:

If an imaginary line is drawn connecting the object location and the image location, it will intersect the mirror at right angles. The distance measured along the line from the object to the mirror is referred to as the object distance. The distance measured along the line from the image to the mirror is referred to as the image distance. The object distance is always equal to the image distance.

Where is a plane mirror image located? Is it on the surface of the mirror? Is it a different location for different observer positions?

 

 

If an object is located 4 meters (or 8 meters) in front of a plane mirror, then the image is located ____ meters from the object.


Object Distance and Image Distance:

If an imaginary line is drawn connecting the object location and the image location, it will intersect the mirror at right angles. The distance measured along the line from the object to the mirror is referred to as the object distance. The distance measured along the line from the image to the mirror is referred to as the image distance. The object distance is always equal to the image distance.


Casual reading (as opposed to careful reading) is often the difference between frustration and success on a Minds On Physics sublevel. The object distance - distance between object and the mirror - is explicitly stated in this question. The image distance is quite obviously equal to the object distance (see Physics Rules section above). But don't be fooled! The question does not ask you to determine the image distance. The question asks you to determine the distance between the image and the object (not between the image and the mirror). Be a careful reader; not a casual reader. Turn your mind on full throttle and give attention to the words used to communicate concepts.


Where is a plane mirror image located? Is it on the surface of the mirror? Is it a different location for different observer positions?

 

 

A shirt with 'Toyota' written on it (in RED) is placed in front of a plane mirror. Which one of the following diagrams best depicts the image (in YELLOW)?


Object Distance and Image Distance:

If an imaginary line is drawn connecting the object location and the image location, it will intersect the mirror at right angles. The distance measured along the line from the object to the mirror is referred to as the object distance. The distance measured along the line from the image to the mirror is referred to as the image distance. The object distance is always equal to the image distance.


There are eight diagrams to choose from. Four options can be quickly ruled out because they depict the image distance being different than the object distance. To determine the correct answer, treat each letter of the word as a single object. Make sure the image of the object is directly across from it and oriented properly. For instance, if the bottom of the Y of the object is closest to the mirror, then the bottom of the Y on the image should be closest to the mirror.


How is a plane mirror image oriented relative to the object?

 

 

A shirt with 'Toyota' written on it (in RED) is placed in front of a plane mirror. Which one of the following diagrams best describes the size, location, and orientation of the image (in GOLD)?


Object Distance and Image Distance:

If an imaginary line is drawn connecting the object location and the image location, it will intersect the mirror at right angles. The distance measured along the line from the object to the mirror is referred to as the object distance. The distance measured along the line from the image to the mirror is referred to as the image distance. The object distance is always equal to the image distance.


There are eight diagrams to choose from. Four options can be quickly ruled out because they depict the image distance being different than the object distance. To determine the correct answer, treat each letter of the word as a single object. Make sure the image of the object is directly across from it and oriented properly. For instance, if the bottom of the Y of the object is closest to the mirror, then the bottom of the Y on the image should be closest to the mirror.


How is a plane mirror image oriented relative to the object?

 

 

The image of an object as formed by a plane mirror is located ____.


Object Distance and Image Distance:

If an imaginary line is drawn connecting the object location and the image location, it will intersect the mirror at right angles. The distance measured along the line from the object to the mirror is referred to as the object distance. The distance measured along the line from the image to the mirror is referred to as the image distance. The object distance is always equal to the image distance.

Where is a plane mirror image located? Is it on the surface of the mirror? Is it a different location for different observer positions?